Systematic errors and combination of individual CRF solutions in the framework of the international pilot project for the next ICRF

A new international Pilot Project for the re-determination of the ICRF was initiated by the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS) in January 2005. The purpose of this project is to compare the individual CRF solutions and to analyze their systematic and random errors with focus on the selection of the optimal strategy for the next ICRF realization. Eight radio source catalogues provided by the IVS Analysis Centers GA, SHAO, DGFI, GIUB-BKG, JPL, MAO NANU, GSFC, USNO were analyzed. In present study, four analytical models were used to investigate the systematic differences between solutions: solid rotation, rotation and deformation (IERS method), and expansion in orthogonal functions: Legendre-Fourier polynomials and spherical functions. It was found that expansions by orthogonal function describe the differences between individual catalogues better than the two former models. Finally, the combined CRF was generated. Using the radio source positions from this combined catalogue for estimation of EOP has shown improvement of the uncertainty of the celestial pole offset time series.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures. Presented at the XXVIth IAU General Assembly, JD16, Prague, Czech Republic, 14-25 August 200

Partículas superparamagnéticas ultrapequeñas de óxido de hierro para aplicaciones biomédicas

Las partículas superparamagnéticas ultrapequeñas de óxido de hierro (USPIO) tienen una enorme utilidad enBiomedicina como agentes de contraste en resonancia magnética de imagen o como sistemas transportadores defármacos, entre otras aplicaciones. La naturaleza del recubrimiento de los núcleos inorgánicos de las partículasUSPIO determina su estabilidad in vitro y su comportamiento in vivo, siendo especialmente importantes sus propiedadesfi sicoquímicas, en concreto el tamaño, la carga superfi cial y la densidad del recubrimiento. Las pequeñasdimensiones de las partículas USPIO hace difícil una caracterización fi sicoquímica completa, la cuál es de sumaimportancia para poder mejorar su estabilidad y comportamiento in vivo. Esta revisión se centra en las técnicasinstrumentales utilizadas en el análisis de los núcleos magnéticos y de sus recubrimientos orgánicos

A molecular mechanism of symmetry breaking in the early chick embryo

The first obvious sign of bilateral symmetry in mammalian and avian embryos is the appearance of the primitive streak in the future posterior region of a radially symmetric disc. The primitive streak marks the midline of the future embryo. The mechanisms responsible for positioning the primitive streak remain largely unknown. Here we combine experimental embryology and mathematical modelling to analyse the role of the TGFβ-related molecules BMP4 and Vg1/GDF1 in positioning the primitive streak. Bmp4 and Vg1 are first expressed throughout the embryo, and then become localised to the future anterior and posterior regions of the embryo, where they will, respectively, inhibit or induce formation of the primitive streak. We propose a model based on paracrine signalling to account for the separation of the two domains starting from a homogeneous array of cells, and thus for the topological transformation of a radially symmetric disc to a bilaterally symmetric embryo

A particle-hole model approach for hypernuclei

A particle-hole model is developed to describe the excitation spectrum of single lambda hypernuclei and the possible presence of collective effects is explored by making a comparison with the mean-field calculations. Results for the spectra of 12C, 16O, 40Ca, 90Zr and 208Pb single lambda hypernuclei are shown. The comparison with the available experimental data is satisfactory. We find that collective phenomena are much less important in hypernuclei than in ordinary nuclei.Comment: 24 pages, 5 eps figures, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys.

Topologies on Quantum Effects

Quantum effects play an important role in quantum measurement theory. The set of all quantum effects can be organized into an algebraical structure called effect algebra. In this paper, we study various topologies on the Hilbert space effect algebra and the projection lattice effect algebra

Dibujo de la figura humana

1 archivo PDF (61 páginas)"En estos apuntes pretendemos brindar un apoyo a profesores y alumnos del Área de Fundamentos Tecnológicos y Expresión Formal para el Diseño, en las Unidades de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje: Laboratorio de Diseño I y 11. No se tratan las técnicas ni se mencionan los soportes para dibujar la figura humana, solo se tratará lo relativo a sus proporciones y formas de dibujar con sus estudios específicos, tampoco se hablará de como dibujar la cabeza humana y el retrato, porque tienen sus cánones diferentes en una forma particular. La figura humana al desnudo, no trata el lineamiento particular de una parte del cuerpo, sino un trazo sencillo y fluido de proporciones conjuntas"

Anti-inflammatory activity of

The anti-inflammatory activity of the chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of Wigandia urens and Acalypha alopecuroides were investigated on carrageenan-induced paw edema at doses of 400 mg/kg. The three extracts of W. urens, and the aqueous extract of A. alopecuroides caused significantinhibition of the edema (58.1±6.5% and 63.5±5.4%, respectively). Indomethacin was used as positive control (8 mg/kg), and inhibited edema by 66.3±5.2%. The methanol extract of W. urens and the aqueous extract of A. alopecuroides, at doses of 200 mg/kg, inhibited pellet implantation-induced granuloma formation by 69.4±6.5 and 70.6±6.6%, respectively. These levels of inhibition are higher than those exhibited by naproxen at doses of 50 mg/kg (46.1±7.1%). Both extracts showed activity on adjuvantinduced arthritis in rats, with the best effect being observed after 96 h (82.2±4.6 and 80.6±7.3%, respectively)

Measure of Tourism Productivity and its Relationship with Domestic Tourism Product in Mexico

In this paper, the main object of the study is to obtain a measure of tourism productivity and a measure of the level and type of relationship between the value of production of tourism and tourism productivity of Mexico tourism for the period 2008-2013. The Methodological framework was the input-output matrices, to correlate standardized values of the production value with tourism productivity for the 30 “tourism” subsectors. Considering that the explanation for the economic growth is very different and complex in all the countries, but the correlation study only manages that is possible to identify the variations of the tourism productivity, and that they are associated directly to the value of tourism production. The results show that the sectors with negative productivity are other hosting services, foreign buses, pharmaceuticals, films, photography, movies and car rentals, and positive productivity sectors are: handicrafts, hotels, food, beverages, restaurants and bars, trade and other financial and insurance services. Also, a direct relationship between production and productivity was found

The pharmacist future and the family medicine cabinet: learning to make health education

La utilización de medicamentos es un hecho más que habitual en toda unidad familiar que conlleva la preparación de un botiquín en el hogar. Es frecuente que este botiquín crezca como consecuencia de la tendencia a la acumulación de medicamentos por parte de sus usuarios. Esto hace que pueda ser utilizado incorrectamente, desembocando en consecuencias negativas para la salud del paciente. Se ha realizado una actividad de formación y concienciación entre los estudiantes de la asignatura Farmacia Clínica de último curso de la Licenciatura en Farmacia por la Universidad de Granada sobre los botiquines de uso familiar y los métodos de eliminación de medicamentos caducados o residuos de estos. Así, el futuro profesional farmacéutico ha podido con esta actividad de educación sanitaria, reflexionar sobre la importancia que tiene conocer el estado de los botiquines caseros y la necesidad de realizar una frecuente revisión de estos. Esta actividad ha logrado además concienciarles sobre la importancia que tiene la supervisión de los botiquines de farmacias comunitarias. Al finalizar este estudio, el 94 % de los alumnos consideraban que el farmacéutico debe desempeñar un papel fundamental en el asesoramiento e información al paciente sobre su botiquín y en la adecuada eliminación de los residuos generados por la utilización de medicamentos. De esta manera, se ha logrado que el futuro farmacéutico se conciencie sobre la importancia sanitaria de las actividades de educación para la salud.The use of drugs is a more common occurrence in any family unit involves the preparation of a medicine cabinet at home. Often this kit to grow as a result of the tendency to accumulation of drugs by their users. This means it can be misused, resulting in negative health consequences patient. It has done a training and awareness among students of the subject Clinical Pharmacy final year of the Bachelor of Pharmacy from the University of Granada on kits for family use and disposal methods of expired drugs or residues of these. Thus, the pharmaceutical professional future has been with this activity health education, reflect on the importance of the status of home medicine cabinets and the need for frequent revision of these. This activity has also made them aware of the importance of monitoring kits community pharmacies. Upon completion of this study, 94% of students felt that the pharmacist should play a key role in advising and patient information on your medicine cabinet and proper disposal of waste generated by the use of drugs. In this way, it has made the future pharmacist raise awareness of the importance of health education activities for health